Cavities are a result of a breakdown in the tooth structure. That breakdown can occur due to various reasons. The commonest reason is bacteria, causing a disease of the dentition called dental caries. Bacteria reside in our bodies, and in the mouth in their natural habitat. It is only when the environment of the mouth and of the body changes, that these bacteria get an opportunity to proliferate and attack the teeth. Those conditions can alter because of various local and systemic factors – diet changes, lifestyle changes being the main two reasons.
Diets rich in acid and sugar are documented to cause more breakdown of the teeth. Fizzy beverages, energy drinks, sodas, fruit juices; all have a pH of below 7, which causes erosion of the enamel, making your teeth more prone to bacterial damage as well. Combine that with infrequent oral hygiene habits such as brushing correctly twice a day, makes a recipe for rampant decay.
In order to avoid the formation of cavities, the root cause of decay has to be addressed. Whether it is diet related, lifestyle related, oral hygiene technique related or genetic, the reasons will be discussed with the patient on their examination with the dentist and recommendations specifically tailored for their particular situation will be discussed.
The basic routine formation of brushing twice a day, flossing, and using a neutral pH mouthrinse are some of the common recommendations. Avoiding brushing aggressively right after a citrus or acidic beverage can prevent erosion and cavities. Incorporating a water pik into the daily hygiene routine, especially if there are dexterity issues and there are multiple crowns and bridges, goes a long way in preventing gum inflammation, food lodgment and decay.